Bilecik
It is located in the South Marmara Division of the Marmara Region of Turkey. Since the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, it has continued as a province.
Bilecik ili, south of the Marmara Region; Marmara, Black Sea, Central Anatolia and Aegean regions. The oldest known names of the province are Agrilion and Belekoma. Bilecik is the land of the Ottoman Empire. Every year Ertugrul Ghazi's memorial and Söğüt festivals are held in Söğüt of Bilecik province. There are rich marble quarries in the region. Established around the Sakarya Ridge and known for its wealth of ponds and streams, the region traces its daily history from ancient times. The Sheikh Edebali Tomb in the city receives visitors from all over Turkey. The traces of the War of Independence in the province of Bilecik can still be seen in the vicinity of the Shaykh Edebali Turbes, the first settlement of Bilecik. Some examples are minarets that were destroyed during the war.
History
Bilecik: The first settlement date in Bilecik Milatate dates back to 3000 years ago. Milat It is known that Tin was first removed for the construction of bronze in Bilecik.
Their first known names are Agrilion and Belekoma. Bilecik then entered the Byzantine Empire. Most were known by the name of Belekoma in the Roman period. Bilecik was then a castle town.
Bilecik in Antiquity: In this period, Bilecik is located within the Bitinya region. In the 1950s, there were Thrace people of the Thracian tribes, who were the herds of the Thracians.
1550-1400 BC Egyptians
1400-1200 Hittites
1200-676 Phrygians
676-595 Kimmerler
595-546 Lydians
546-334 Persians
334-326 Macedonians
326-297 The period of freedom
297-74 Bithinian Kingdom
74-395 Roman Empire
395-1299 Byzantine
673-678 Umayyad
714-718 Abbasi
When the Roman Empire Milat was destroyed in 395 BC, Bilecik was in the Byzantine Empire. During the Byzantine period, the Belekoma Castle was constructed. Bilecik was also sometimes in the hands of Bilecik and Muslim countries.
During the Seljuk period, Bilecik: a part of Kayılar came to the west with the leadership of Ertuğrul Bey and started to reside in and around Söğüt district. Kayıların Söğüt and its settlement are known as 1230's years. In 1231 when the Ottoman Empire attacked the border of the Seljuks, the Great Seljuk Sultan Ileadin Keykubat organized a campaign against the Byzantine Empire, and Ertuğrul Bey and his descendants participated as a rider. As a result of the war that took place between the Seljuk and Byzantine armies in the Sultanönü area, the Byzantine army was defeated and Karacadağ and Söğüt areas were taken over by the Great Seljuk State. I. Aleaddin Keykubat Belekoma Tekfurunu connected to the taxa. Ertuğrul Bey, who was a significant contributor in the war, gave Söğüt as his proprietor and Domanic as his land.
According to Ottoman sources, Ertuğrul Bey died in 1281.
Ertuğrul Bey is an important leader of Kayı Turks. Kayı boyu was a founding arm of the Ottoman State. The Ottoman Empire was born from a 400-tentle jetty located in Söğüt.
During the Ottoman period, Bilecik: After the death of Ertuğrul Bey, Osman Gazi passed to Kayılar. The most important spiritual supporter of Osman Bey and his gun friends was Sheikh Edebali.
Sheikh Edebali Kayı Boyun was the leader of the Ahilik organization. Ahilik; Is an understanding of an organization that encourages people, employees, and extends all kinds of help to employees in all branches of craft, including agriculture. Sheikh Edebali lived in İtburnu Village within the boundaries of the city of Eskişehir where the medresses were located. Later on, the medreses were moved to Sagut and then to Bilecik.
In 1286, Osman Bey took the remains of Hisarcık, located in the Inegöl area, from the Byzantines. In 1287 Inegol Tekfuru defeated İkizce near Domanic.
Following the struggles of Osman Bey and his friends with Byzantine fighters, the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan III. Alaeddin Keykubat came to the front of Karacahisar with a large army. He merged with Osman Bey and his descendants and besieged this palace which the Byzantine Empire had. While the siege continued, the Seljuk Sultan III. Alaeddin Keykubat; Osman Bey sent a horse with a sancak and a silver team and gave this sancak to Osman Bey, which included Sogut and Eskisehir. Osman Bey, who transformed the Greek church in Karacahisar into a glasshouse in 1289, first read a sermon on his behalf. Is the foundation of the foundation.
Until this date, Bilecik had not been conquered by the Ottomans yet. It was a memorial belonging to the Byzantines. Bilecik and Yarhisar tacitly referred to the taxa. In 1299, Osman Bey took the Belekoma castle and the succeeding Yarhisar castle from the Byzantines.
Bilecik remained under Ottoman rule until Yıldırım Bayezid period. As a result of the defeat of Bayezid in Timur by Ankara in the battle of Ankara in 1402, Timur's state was dominant for 2 months and it was taken back by Ottoman Sultan Çelebi Mehmet after Fetret Era.
Bilecik; Trakya and Marmara regions of the Inner, South and Southeastern Anatolia regions of Asia and the Istanbul-Baghdad Railway near the establishment has been established.Türklerinin increased in the hands of the first important fortress and the conquest of Osman Gazi is the Sheikh Edebali Türbesi'nin here.
The city that was built around the castle first started to grow up to the Sheikh Edebali Tomb, the Orhan Gazi mosque and the medresa near the castle.
Bilecik in the War of Independence: In order to get rid of the disputes between the TBMM government and the Istanbul government during the War of Independence, Interior Minister Ahmet İzzet Pasha, in the name of Tevfik Pasha's government in Istanbul, wanted to have an interview with the Ankara government. The meeting was decided to be held in the Bilecik Station.
The TBMM government and the delegations of the Istanbul government came together on the 5th December 1920 at Bilecik Station. Istanbul Mission Ahmet İzzet Pasha, Salih Pasha, Minister of Agriculture Kazim Bey, Legal Counsel Munir Bey and Hoca Fatih Efendi. Ankara delegation was headed by Mustafa Kemal Pasha. The forum was attended by İsmet İnönü. A positive and concrete result was not obtained in Bilecik talks.
The Greek Army attacked on January 6, 1921, around Bursa and Uşak. January 8, 1921 Bilecik came to the line. Thus Bilecik was occupied.
During the Republican era, Bilecik: Bilecik came out of the War of Independence with great injuries, and the Republican era began very weakly due to the social and economic collapse of the war.
The people of Bilecik participated in the War of Independence with all their being, and with the wishes of the militant national forces and their regular armies, mourning tens of thousands of sons without hesitation. The population of the city estimated to be 12,000 in the 1920s has decreased to 4,000 after the War of Independence.
Before the war, Bilecik was the most important silk industry center of the region. There were numerous silkworm factories and silk velvet manufacturing factories in the city, but all of these factories and facilities were burned during the fires of the Greeks.
In the first years of our Republic, the Greeks and Armenians, who constituted the majority of the population of Bilecik Center, were sent to Greece by the Lausanne Transfers and the Muslim Muhajirler,
Rivers
Sakarya River: The Sakarya River is the main stream passing through the city of Bilecik. The spilled tea and the streams are the other water sources of Bilecik.
Sakarya enters Bilecik soil near Inhisar; Flows in north-south direction and divides the province into two parts, east and west. Karasu Stream to the north of Vezirhan, Göksu Çayını near the Osmaneli county and head north.
Karasu: It comes from Bozüyük. Bilecik enters the central district boundaries from Karasu Bosphorus. After this point, get to the river of Sakarya in Vezirhan.
Flora
Bilecik is one of the lucky regions of Turkey in terms of forest richness as it is a forested area of 47% of the surface area. Bilecik forest richness has also been enriched with respect to game animals. At a height of a thousand meters, forest cover usually consists of oak, herbaceous plants and maquis. Up to the limit of 1500 meters, high trees of the order of black pine, beech, red pine, chestnut are sorted. Higher than 1500 meters, there are fir trees.
